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Table 5 Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis between survival and 90-days survival and the factors that were significant in the univariate analysis

From: Back to the future: the novel art of digital auscultation applied in a prospective observational study of critically ill Covid-19 patients

Survival

Factor

OR (95% CI)

P (Value)

Age (years)

1.077 (1.032–1.124)

0.001

Heart failure (no vs. yes)

2.813 (0.387–20.442)

0.31

Chronic kidney disease (no vs. yes)

3.376 (0.335–34.045)

0.30

Malignancy (no vs. yes)

1.355 (0.246–7.473)

0.73

Charlson comorbidity index

1.104 (0.843–1.445)

0.47

APACHE II

0.978 (0.891–1.074)

0.65

Baseline SOFA score

1.328 (1.090–1.620)

0.005

Baseline PCT (ng/ml)

1.066 (0.816–1.392)

0.64

Baseline oxygenation index

1.140 (1.011–1.286)

0.033

Auscultatory sound: squawks (%)

1.020 (1.000–1.040)

0.05

minimum crackle entropy

39.974 (1.637–976.366)

0.024

median squawk zero-crossing rate

1.001 (0.997–1.005)

0.64

90-days survival

Factor

OR (95% CI)

P (Value)

Age (years)

1.053 (0.999–1.110)

0.05

Heart failure (no vs. yes)

6.732 (0.556–81.509)

0.13

Chronic kidney disease (no vs. yes)

0.782 (0.054–11.422)

0.86

Malignancy (no vs. yes)

1.187 (0.177–7.943)

0.86

Charlson comorbidity index

1.270 (0.940–1.717)

0.12

APACHE II

0.989 (0.896–1.092)

0.83

Baseline SOFA score

1.240 (0.996–1.544)

0.06

Baseline PCT (ng/ml)

1.838 (0.849–3.976)

0.12

Baseline oxygenation index

1.126 (0.995–1.274)

0.06

Auscultatory sound: squawks (%)

1.025 (1.002–1.049)

0.034

median crackle entropy

0.172 (0.000–1532353.917)

0.83

median squawk zero-crossing rate

1.002 (0.998–1.006)

0.25

mean crackle entropy

0.939 (44722.225–2,129,163,370)

0.05

  1. OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence intervals, vs. = versus, APACHE II = acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II, SOFA: sequential organ failure assessment, PCT = procalcitonin